Continuities Changes Over Time Essay (Silk Road Interactions Between 200 B.C.E †1450 C.E.) free essay sample

During the timeframe between 200 B.C.E. also, 1450 C.E., the silk street experienced numerous inconspicuous changes while simultaneously clutching its unique reason. The exchange of flavors and merchandise to and from Asia and Europe stayed steady, while the materials traded gradually changed. The political limits just as the national characters of the enveloping nations additionally were adjusted. In spite of changes in materials, the first reason for the silk street stayed flawless all through this timeframe. Asian wares were exchanged with European shippers along the street and the other way around. Asia’s economy, for example, that of China explicitly, remained intensely dependent on target from silk street exchange, irregardless of the inception or sort of merchandise that energized such. Equivalently, Europe’s monetary status stayed filled by Asian exchanges. While the essential reason for the silk street remained generally unaltered, the merchandise exchanged on it and the regions it experienced did. We will compose a custom exposition test on Progressions Changes Over Time Essay (Silk Road Interactions Between 200 B.C.E †1450 C.E.) or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page While the silk street initially started taking things down a notch as a basic course of transport for Eurasian shippers, it later developed into a global need, monetarily, however socially too. When presented to Asian flavors, textures, and so forth., Europeans turned out to be progressively â€Å"addicted† to their recently discovered extravagances. This, notwithstanding Europe having a similar impact on Asia, progressively molded the two societies. On account of the various political changes that occurred during this scope of time, the course went by silk street vendors went through new countries shaped at the breakdown of the Roman Empire. This, thusly, formed the personalities of extra countries/societies along the way of the silk street. Generally speaking, the silk road’s fundamental reason stayed unblemished from 200 B.C.E. to 1450 C.E., yet the particular examples of associations that happened along it didn't. Realms fell, new countries were shaped, and that carried horde changes to silk street societies and the cooperations between those that went on it.

Illustrative Essay Topics

Illustrative Essay TopicsIt is important for students to choose illustrative essay topics when they are writing a final paper. There are many occasions in which illustrative essays help students accomplish their purpose and they may have a look at the various types of topics.In this article, we will discuss the three types of topics that you can use for your work, which are art themes, social issues and real life cases. For those who are looking for topics, they must note that a selection of topics that will make sense will be based on the content they are writing. Therefore, it is important to find out what the goals are and what the student wants to achieve with their essay. This is based on the type of topic that will satisfy the objectives of the work.The first part of the essay is always important, and that is its introduction. This is usually where the student will explain the content of the essay. When a student writes an essay for the purpose of speaking, he should make sure that his thesis is clearly stated in the introduction.A topic is more often suggested by the teacher when the student is to write an essay for a class. If he is writing an essay for the purpose of an exam, then he will have to choose something that will put him on the front page of the paper. One idea that will give a student an option is the real life case that he has been a part of. Many people choose to do a more detailed case study.The interesting part about this type of essay is that the writer becomes a part of it. The same thing applies if the topic is art themes. Art themes are those that are meant to reflect the artist's personality and achievements. This includes a natural phenomenon and the artistic.There are many different kinds of essay topics but all have one thing in common. These topics will deal with real world incidents. Many of these topics are discussed in books, magazines or even in documentaries.Of course, real life cases can also be selected but students must be cautious as there are some classes that do not allow it. This means that if the topic is chosen then the student will have to write the whole thing by himself or with the help of a friend. Another way is to obtain copies of the original letters of recommendation that were presented to the school.These are the most illustrative essay topics that students should choose. You can use these as starting points for your research. However, it is also important for students to learn about what other topics are used in schools and colleges.

Familiarizing students with basics of the science branches Free Essays

string(52) conveys logical data efficaciously. The MYP 3 logical control class consolidates essential data, cognizance, realities, and commonsense uses of the logical regions, which are organic science, compound science, and characteristic ways of thinking. The reason for the class is to acquaint the students with the builds and rudimentss of the logical control regions and to ensure they create proper achievements in overseeing hypothetical logical perception introduced in talk and down to earth applications offered in school explore labs. Course points: The MYP 3 logical order class points depend on the MYP points. We will compose a custom article test on Acclimating understudies with nuts and bolts of the science branches or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now It urges and empowers students to: 1. Create marvel, association and pleasure towards logical control and its strategies for enquiry. 2. Obtain logical perception and worry. 3. Impart logical musings, proclamations and useful encounters adequately in a grouping of ways. 4. Create exploratory and actuality discovering achievements to plan and transport out logical tests and to gauge grounds to pull a choice. 5. Create basic, originative and asking heads that present requests, work out employments, idea accounts, equity articulations and do educated judgments in logical and different settings. 6. Create cognizance of the potential outcomes and limitations of logical teach and value that logical discernment is growing through communitarian action locally and universally. 7. Value the connection between logical order and building and their capacity in the public arena. 8. Create cognizance of the good, moral, cultural, financial, political, social and ecological conclusions of the example and use of logical order and designing. 9. Watch wellbeing guidelines and examples to ensure a sheltered workplace during logical exercises. 10. Induce an awareness of the interest for and the estimation of useful coaction during logical exercises. Order of life creatures â€Å" Monera, Protoctista, Fungi, Plants and vitalize creatures † . Transformation and chemicals. Plant and enliven being cells, specific cells, tissues, movement systems among cells and their condition ( dispersion, assimilation, and dynamic transport ) , cell division † miosis and mitosis † . Science: Substance structures: strong, fluid and gas particles, sub nuclear iotas, nuclear development and isotopes. The Periodic Table: Elementss and the intermittent even exhibit, soluble base metals, alkalic Earth metals, section metals, incandescent light and baronial gases. Holding: Ionic bonds and covalent bonds. Acids and bases: Properties of acids and bases, pH graduated table, balance, ordinary representations. Physicss: Shafts and Waves: Shafts and noticeable radiation, Torahs of considerations, level and bending mirrors, refraction of obvious radiation, focal points, commonplace uses of mirrors and focal points, transverse and longitudinal moving edges, wave condition. Examination: This class will use grouping of evaluation devices including hebdomadal tests, unit preliminaries, introductions, endeavors, lab work, aë†â ¦.etc. The majority of these evaluations will be surveyed blending to the accompanying MYP guidelines: Standard A †ONE Universe: This objective alludes to empowering understudies to determine a superior misgiving of the capacity of logical control in the public arena. Understudies ought to be mindful that logical control is a planetary endeavor and that its turn of events and applications can hold impacts for our lives. One universe should flexibly understudies with the opportunity to basically gauge the reasonings of logical turns of events and their applications to nearby as well as planetary issues. At the terminal of the class, understudies ought to have the option to: aë†? clarify the manners by which logical control is applied and used to go to explicit employments or issues. aë†? talk about the effectivity of logical control and its application in maintain trip sources of income or issues. aë†? examine and measure the good, moral, cultural, monetary, political, social and natural derivations of the utilization of logical order and its application in work excursion explicit occupations or issues. Accomplishment degree Structure 0 The understudy does non make a standard depicted by any of the structures underneath. 1-2 - The student states one way in which logical control is applied and used to go to explicit occupations or issues †The understudy comments upon the effectivity of logical order and its application in maintain excursion sources of income or issues. - The student states how logical control and its application collaborate with one of the undermentioned elements: good, moral, cultural, financial, political, social and natural. 3-4 - The student expresses the manners by which logical control is applied and used to go to explicit employments or issues - The student expresses the effectivity of logical control and its application in maintain excursion sources of income or issues - The understudy states how logical order and its application connect with a portion of the undermentioned variables: good, moral, cultural, monetary, political, social and ecological. 5-6 - The understudy depicts the manners by which logical control is applied and used to go to explicit employments or issues. †The understudy portrays the effectivity of logical order and its application in maintain trip sources of income or issues †The understudy portrays how logical control and its application cooperate with a portion of the undermentioned components: good, moral, cultural, financial, political, social and ecological. Standard B †Communication: This objective alludes to empowering understudies to go able and certain when pass oning data in logical control. Understudies ought to have the option to use logical phonetic correspondence right and an arrangement of imparting habits and configurations as proper. Understudies ought to be mindful of the significance of admiting and reasonably refering to crafted by others when pass oning in logical control. At the terminal of the class, students ought to have the option to: aë†? utilization logical phonetic correspondence right. aë†? utilization fitting imparting habits, for example, verbal ( unwritten, composed ) , visual ( recorded as a hard copy, representative ) and conveying designs ( inquire about lab contemplates, expositions, introductions ) to strongly pass on hypotheses, considerations and discoveries in logical control. aë†? recognize crafted by others and the beginnings of data utilized by appropriately reporting them using a perceived referencing framework. Accomplishment degree Structure 0 The student does non make a standard portrayed by any of the structures beneath. 1-2 - The understudy utilizes some logical semantic correspondence. - The understudy conveys almost no logical data. - The understudy paperss restricted or no beginnings of data. 3-4 - The understudy utilizes some logical etymological correspondence right. - The understudy imparts logical data respectably strongly. †The student paperss beginnings of data in a book reference. 5-6 - The student utilizes logical semantic correspondence right. - The student conveys logical data strongly. You read Acclimating understudies with rudiments of the science branches in class Exposition models - The understudy paperss beginnings of data incorporating book index and in-content referencing. Model C †KNOWLEDGE AND Understanding: This objective alludes to empowering students to comprehend logical discernment ( realities, contemplations, develops, methodology, Torahs, rules, hypothetical records and hypotheses ) and to utilize it to construct logical records, work out occupations and explain deductively bolstered explanations. At the terminal of the class, understudies ought to have the option to: aë†? review logical discernment and utilization logical trepidation to construct logical records aë†? utilize logical comprehension and comprehension to work out employments set in recognizable and new condition of affairss. aë†? basically break down and assess data to do decisions bolstered by logical dread. Accomplishment degree Structure 0 The understudy does non make a standard depicted by any of the structures beneath. 1-2 †The understudy reviews some logical considerations, develops as well as strategies. - The understudy applies logical comprehension to work out basic employments. 3-4 - The student depicts logical considerations, builds and additionally strategies. - The student applies logical comprehension to work out complex occupations in natural condition of affairss. - The understudy investigations logical data by setting parts, connections or causes. 5-6 - The understudy utilizes logical musings, develops as well as procedures option to manufacture logical records. †The understudy applies logical comprehension to work out complex employments incorporating those in new condition of affairss. - The understudy investigations and assesses logical data and makes decisions upheld by logical fear. Standard D †SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY: This equitable alludes to empowering understudies to create objective and down to earth achievements to plan and transport out logical tests autonomously and to gauge the trial structure ( strategy ) . At the terminal of the class, understudies ought to have the option to: aë†? area a focussed activity or research request to be tried by a logical test. aë†? explain a testable theory and elucidate it using logical consistent reasoning. aë†? structure and do logical tests that incorporate factors and controls, stuff and additionally hardware required, a technique to be followed and the way wherein the data is to be gathered and handled aë†?

A Brief Biography Of Salvador Dali - 1712 Words

On May 11, 1904 in Figueres, Spain, a boy named Salvador Dalà ­ was born. People today know him as a famous painter who symbolized surrealism. Throughout his life, the experiences that he confronted within his journey set him on the path of success. The way his family raised him and supported his craft, joining the surrealist movement and even the people he had in his life helped shaped the man he was and how he acted until his death. After Dalà ­Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s forced retirement, on January 23, 1989 at the age of 85, Dalà ­ passed away due to heart failure. Dalà ­ was the second born of three into the family of Salvador and Felipa Dome Dalà ­. However, he grew up as the first born due to his older brother dying due to gastroenteritis. Even though he was†¦show more content†¦It was during this time when he was introduced to the style of Surrealism. Then in 1929 he met Diakonova, also known as â€Å"Gala†, who turned out to become his wife in 1934. Even though Freud’s theory is considered to be eccentric and outdated in today’s society. However, some parts of his theory still hold true in the present and to people’s lives. One of Freud’s components of this theory was the Oedipus complex and castration anxiety. The Oedipus complex is the unconscious desire to have the mother and get rid of the father. It is during this complex when castration anxiety occurs within the son and the superego starts to develop. Castration anxiety is the fear that his penis will be cut off by the father. Dalà ­Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s father was a notary who held political and social power, not only within his job but also within the family dynamic as well. Dalà ­Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s father had such a bad temper that Dalà ­ was afraid of him and sought comfort from his mother. Because of this, he and his father competed for his mother’s attention and love. Another example in Dalà ­Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s life of the Oedipus complex is the way his mom and dad treated him. Before Dalà ­ was born, his parents had another son and named him Salvador Dalà ­. Yet, he died during infancy and nine months later they had another son and named him Salvador Dalà ­ as well. Throughout his childhood, his parents treated him like he was the son they had lost. An example Dalà ­ has talked about is when he was 5 years old, his parent took him to his brother’sShow MoreRelatedMona Lisa and Last Supper3080 Words   |  13 Pagesfew other works of art are as romanticized, celebrated, or reproduced. The painting shows a woman looking out at the viewer with what is described as an enigmatic smile. Title of the painting The title Mona Lisa stems from the Giorgio Vasari biography of Leonardo da Vinci, published 31 years after Leonardos death. In it, he identified the sitter as Lisa, the wife of wealthy Florentine businessman Francesco del Giocondo. Mona is a common Italian contraction of madonna, meaning my lady, the

The Soviet Union During World War II - 1684 Words

The Soviet Union played an important role in the events of the 20th century in both direct and indirect ways. The rise of the Soviet Union by the end of the Russian Revolution played a significant role in the way that World War I played out; it played a crucial role in the defeat of Nazi Germany during World War II. It was the formidable rival of the United States during the Cold War, during which every action it took was viewed with angst by the West. With the level of influence the Soviet Union possessed in the 20th century, the question is: what other more pressing influence caused its demise? The primary cause of the crumbling of the Soviet Union can be summarized by: the inability for the Soviet Union to maintain the support of the Soviet people, and this created the ultimate inability of the Soviet Union to create the socialist utopia that Marx envisioned. In order to properly gauge why the Soviets were unable to stay true to a particular ideology, and the inability to create the socialist utopia that Marx envisioned, the fashion in which the Soviet Union came to be must be examined. The first step towards the rise of the Soviet Union was the fall of tsarism under Nicholas II in February 1917. In the aftermath, the Constitutional Democratic Party, comprised mostly of liberals, dominated the new provisional government. At first the Bolshevik party (primarily of Marxist ideology), opted to cooperate with the new government because they wanted an end to the turmoilShow MoreRelatedThe Soviet Union During World War II1145 Words   |  5 Pagesbiggest being the two world wars. As World War II ended in 1945, the two superpowers, the Soviet Union and the United States were locked in a cold war. Technology had been an important element of success in World War II. The advancement of nuclear weapons, and development of atomic bombs gave the US and its allies a major advantage. By the 1950s, the Soviet Union had caught up and developed nuclear weapons. But space technology still had a fair way to go. The Soviet Union lacked fast-paced spaceRead MoreThe Soviet Union During World War II1333 Words   |  6 PagesShortly after World War II, the world’s two most powerful nations, the United States and the Soviet Union, emerged as arch-adversaries and in doing so, they created a rivalry that casted a shadow over international affairs for decades known as the Cold War. The Soviet Union saw the United States as a ruthless, imperialist power whose goal was to destroy communism and encourage the growth of a capitalist world. In contrast, America saw the Soviets as a ruthless, imperialist, and totalitarian powerRead MoreThe Soviet Union During World War II878 Words   |  4 Pag esAlmost all narratives of Allied victory in World War II account economic output as a decisive factor. Overy concedes to this point as well, citing Soviet evacuation of civilians and industry as salvation for the Eastern front. (Overy, 181) As the Germans flooded into the Soviet Union in 1941 entire populations and industries fled to the east, destined for the Urals, the Volga region, and Eastern Siberia. Along with saving Soviet industry by relocation, the Soviets also destroyed what they could not moveRead MoreThe Soviet Union During The World War II1974 Words   |  8 Pages In 1945 the Second World War came to an end, many people thought there would be peace and happiness once it ended. They were correct for a while, until the turmoil left over by the World War II began a new war in itself. Germany did not like its punishment as it nearly ruined their economy and it was divided up into four areas, each controlled by United State, Soviet Union, Great Britain, and France respect ively. But at the time they did not agree with many things which began to affect the territoryRead MoreThe Soviet Union During World War II2302 Words   |  10 PagesThe Soviet Union, have held tensions with each other over different political stances and military actions and intelligence. Starting from the late years of World War II - when the Soviet Union had aggressively spread communism throughout Eastern Europe - up to a couple years ago when Russia annexed the Crimean peninsula in Ukraine out of nowhere; their relationship has been a rollercoaster of a ride for these two countries. Even though the United States and Russia are no longer in a Cold War, thereRead MoreThe Soviet Union During World War II2214 Words   |  9 Pages During World War II women in the Soviet Union played a major role in helping the USSR win the war in a lot of different ways. In my paper I am going to show how Soviet women helped Russia win the war and the ways they went about in doing that. I am also going to write about how women were seen in the Soviet Union during this time and how the war changed how women were perceived in Russian society. Also I am going to write about how the efforts of women evolved throughout the war and howRead MoreThe Soviet Union During World War II1765 Words   |  8 PagesEmerging victoriously from World War II, America became the leader of the free-market capitalist world, and proved to be a military, economic, and political powerhouse. However, as one major war came to a close, another battle was brewing between the democratic United States and the communist Soviet Union. As the Soviet Union expanded farther West into Europe, America as well as its NATO allies worked together in an effort to contain the USSR’s expanding communist party. The Cold War went far beyond a battleRead MoreThe Soviet Union During World War II1857 Words   |  8 Pageswas right to a certain degree. America didn’t declare war on the Soviets but they did play a major role in the collapse of the Soviet Union. The Americans didn’t fire a shot on Russian soil but they pressured them into doing acts that the Russian economy wasn’t capable of doing. Although the Soviet Union was a super power after World War 2, their power was cut short because of the involvement in the space race and arms race. The Cold War tension began when Germany and Berlin were divided intoRead MoreThe Soviet Union s Most Prominent Military Leader During World War II1034 Words   |  5 PagesSimerjot K Sandhu 6232015 History 102 Paper Georgi Zhukov Georgi Zhukov was the Soviet Union s most prominent military leader during World War II. He was enrolled into the Imperial Army, serving well enough to merit a promotion to the rank of non-commissioned officer. During World War Two, he was the most successful Russian general. He was born in 1896 in Strelkovka, Russia. One of his famous battles was the battle of Khalkhin-Gol (also known as Nomonhan Incident in Japan). On 5 June 1939Read MoreThe Female Combat Pilots Of The Soviet Union s Air Force During World War II Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesIn her book on the female combat pilots of the Soviet Union s air force in World War II, former US Air Force intelligence officer turned historian Reina Pennington meets the war on the eastern front at an intersection of women s history, military history, and Soviet social history. Wings, Women, and War is the first scholarly survey of this topic, and it covers these units formation, training, performance, and post-war demobilization. The book s foreword author, eastern front historian John

Conflict in Colombia - 1277 Words

Conflict in Colombia Colombia is a Latin American country located in South America that has been ravaged by violence, starvation, and large-scale inequality between higher and lower classes. The chaos in Colombia has been between rebel forces and the government and has lasted for over fifty years. These rebel forces have fought to achieve their Liberalist lead goals of overthrowing the current democratic government of Colombia and replacing it with a communist government. La Violencia was the main contributor to the conflict between the resistance fighters of Colombia and the Colombian government that has brought on violence and terror from the violent actions between the Liberal and Conservative parties in the 1950’s. , which has directly brought on the violence and terror from the guerrilla groups. In the mid 20th century, Colombian politics were dominated by the Liberal and Conservative parties with fierce supporters that carried out the ideological and social differences into violence. Jorge Eliecer Gaitan, a popular leader of the liberal party in Colombia launched social, economic, and political modernising reforms in the 1930’s. Gaitan was in the process of converting Colombia into a left-wing country when he was assassinated right before an upcoming presidential election. Gaitan was the favorite to represent the Liberal Party and was going to implement a more Liberal system in Colombia. The reaction to this assassination produced an uncontrollable clash betweenShow MoreRelatedColombia And The Colombian Armed Conflict931 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Colombia is facing an internal armed conflict for more than six decades. The causes for the Colombian armed conflict can be more than one which include the conflict over land ownership, the existence of marked economic differences, the pursuit of civilians because of their political orientation. It also highlights the persistence of guerrillas with communist orientation and the existence of drug traffickers that have involved their corruption to all levels of the Colombian sociaty.Read MoreU.s. Relations With Colombia1022 Words   |  5 Pages1822, U.S opened up relations with Colombia; with a strategical interest for both nations. The agreements were based in expanding commercial relations and strengthen amity. However, U.S relations with Colombia took a different turn as a result of a new era Colombia’s civil war and drug trafficking . The interest of improve the foreign policy and the security of both countries; In order to maintain the U.S relations with Colombia, an anal ysis of the conflict in Colombia has to be made to protect the URead MoreDrug Trafficking Has Caused The Coffee Industry Essay1235 Words   |  5 Pagescaused the coffee industry in Colombia to struggle for many years, though Colombia’s long history with coffee predates that struggle. The coffee plant first reached Colombia sometime in the late 1700s (Encyclopedia of World Trade: From Ancient Times to the Present) and Colombia entered the coffee trade in the 1830s (Wikipedia, Coffee Production in Colombia). The geography of Colombia lends itself well to coffee production. Located in southern South America, Colombia is home to the Andes MountainsRead MoreColombia s Struggle With Domestic Guerilla Groups And Drug Cartels1489 Words   |  6 Pagescartels, Colombia has not had a time of peace since they became independent nearly 200 years ago. None of these conflicts have resolved peacefully. They were usually caused by difference in culture or beliefs. Corruption within their own government has left Colombia without legitimate authority; the citizens have nobody to trust, be helped by, or be defended by. Colombia has the potential to institute a stable and effective government, but it has some major complications holding it back. Colombia hasRead MoreEssay about The Colombian Conflict1608 Words   |  7 PagesThe Colombian conflict is an internal armed war that has been going on for more than half a century, approximately originated in the early 1950’s. It is a war between the government, various parliamentary groups and left-wing guerrillas such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the National Liberation Army (ELN), for the struggle of political power and economic/social rights. Since its origin, the war has involved multiple agendas of power, drugs, violence and greed. It is aboutRead MoreCultural Domains Of Colombia And Respective United States1097 Words   |  5 PagesON THE REPUBLIC OF COLOMBIA 1. This informative paper will discuss the cultural domains of Colombia and respective United States (US) interests in the country. The enduring civil conflict between the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the Colombian government has created a power struggle that has shaped Colombia’s culture. The Political and Social Relations domain has been in flux for the past fifty years as these actors struggle for control over Colombia. The Economics andRead MoreThe Last Armed Conflict Of The Western Hemisphere1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe last armed conflict in the western hemisphere is coming to an end bringing hope of a peaceful and better world to all of us. This was the message President Santos of Colombia delivered to the general assembly of the United Nations in 2014. The ongoing peace process sits down the government and the FARC with the objective of ending hostilities and negotiating a social reform. The FARC guerrilla was founded almost 50 years ago in a small town south of Colombia where the villagers were tired ofRead MoreA Very Old Man With Enormous Wings1713 Words   |  7 PagesLife in Colombia, is hard. A vibrant and lush country that has unfortunately had to endure the horrors of living in a constant state of civil war. This harsh reality of their country being at war all the time has cultivated strength, perseverance and a belief system uniquely embedded within the Colombian people. You can find this in the famous story A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings written by Colombian legend Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Of course, it is truly no surprise that these traits are notRead MoreGlobal Forces Of Convergence And Globalization1619 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper will focus on Colombia’s reaction to the global forces of convergence and globalization. Colombia is in a state of economic transition as it concurrently addresses its recurrent political and national security issues but also undertaking some new ownership in term s of strengthening itself economically on a global scale. This has led to the country to allow the universalistic and normative management approaches brought on by influences like globalization to look outwardly. First, by lookingRead MoreThe Ongoing Colombian Conflict1583 Words   |  6 PagesCOLOMBIAN CONFLICT Introduction: The Colombian Conflict is a long drawn out, ongoing low-intensity intrastate war between the Colombian goverment, paramilitary troops, crime syndicates and left-wing guerrillas such as the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the National Liberation Army (ELN), with the Colombian goverment and the paramilitary troops combatting against the guerrillas. Its origins can be traced back to 1964. Since its inception, tens of thousands of people have been killed

Andy Warhol on the 20th century artist Essay Example For Students

Andy Warhol on the 20th century artist Essay Andy Warhol Ive chosen to write my paper on the 20th century artist Andy Warhol. Andy Warhol was born as Andrew Warhol on August 6th, 1928 in Pittsburgh, PA. He is known as a lead figure in pop art for his visually striking prints and paintings. He was also known on the side for filming, author, and for the people he associated with including celebrities, intellectuals and wealthy people. Andy Warhol is well known in the artist community, one Of his paintings being sold for up to SOCIO million. Andy studied commercial art at the School Of Fine Arts at Carnegie Institute Of Technology in PA. He moved to NYC in 1949 and began advertising and illustrating. He began with loose, blotted-ink style and was then hired by a record company to design album covers and promo material. He then began using the silk screen printmaking process in a lot of his paintings. Several of his advertising images had a characteristic image; they resulted in a cartoonist sort of painting. His art work was filled with imperfections from smudges to smears but it was tolerated for he believed that When you do something exactly wrong, you always turn up something. In the sass he began exhibiting art in New York and held his first art exhibition in Los Angles, CA It was during the 1 asss that Andy Warhol began making portraits of iconic celebrities including Elvis Presley, Elizabeth Taylor, Marilyn Monroe, and Muhammad All just to name a few. He used the silkscreen method for these portraits and his work became very popular, Included in his exhibits were his portraits of dollar bills, political madness, mushroom clouds, electric chairs, and brand name products; an example being a portrait of a Campbell tomato soup can which he is well known for. A portrait of one of these NAS sold for up to $11500 vile an autographed can sold for $6. In 1968, Valerie Salinas attempted to murder Andy Warhol. She had shot him because she Andy wouldnt return a script she had given him after he turned her down from his films. Andy was severely wounded and just barely survived. He suffered for the rest Of his life; it affected his art and his outlook on life. Afterwards he made portraits of more celebrities including John Lennox. Liz Millennial, Diana Ross, and Mice]eager. He was still quite relevant in the asss, mainly being criticized for being a business artist and for his facile and immemorial portraits.

What is society an Example by

What is society Introduction Society, in sociology, is a group composed of men, women, and children that has established patterns of cooperation by means of which its members are able to survive and reproduce. In its simplest form the group provides its members with protection so that infants can grow to adulthood and breed a new generation. In more complex forms o society assumes the responsibility of providing its members with a great variety of their needs. Need essay sample on "What is society" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed There are many different kinds of human society and many different kinds of human society and many examples of each kind. Each consists of a group of persons who live more or less together in a certain place, such as a continent, country, region, or island. In order for such a group to be identified as a society, it must be organized to continue through succeeding generations, its members must be dependent on one another, and it must be able to exist independently of other groups. The study of man and his social institutions (systems of procedures and the establishments that observe them) is sociology. The people in each society develop their own culture, or ways of acting, thinking, and feeling, which is one of the areas of study in anthropology (see Daley, N.K., and T.R. Shannon. The American Social Structure (Kendall-Hunt, 2001). Kinds of Societies Societies may be distinguished by size and complexity. A large-scale society, such as the United States or the Soviet Union, is made up of a large population bound together by intricate networks of communication and transportation. Each person in the society has the opportunity to have numerous social relations with other persons, many of whom he sees infrequently or only in specific situations. A small-scale society is made up of a scattered or small population, living generally in an isolated area such as a desert or an island. The social relations of an individual are largely confined to the relatively few persons whom he sees everyday (see Goodman, Norman, and Gary Marx. Society Today, 7th edition (Random House, 1999). There are several special types of small-scale societies. A segmentary society has a relatively large population, but it is divided into segments, or smaller groups, such as tribes. The Navajo Indians, with several tribal units making up one common society, are an example. A village society consists of the residents of a small community which, because of isolation and self0sufficient, is nearly free from outside influences. Such isolated villages may exist even within a large0scale society. Mountain villages often exemplify this type o small-scale society (see Goodman, Norman, and Gary Marx. Society Today, 7th edition (Random House, 1999). A society may also be classified according to its cultural pattern; a society, for example, may refer to as primitive, rural, urban, or technological. Other classifications are by geographical area, such as a Latin American or Polynesian society; and by cultural-ethnic identity, such as an Arab or Bushman society (see Daley, N.K., and T.R. Shannon. The American Social Structure (Kendall-Hunt, 2001). Function of Society The primary functions of a society are divided by most sociologists into five basic areas of established group procedure, called institutions. The society provides for the food, shelter, and clothing of its members through the economy. The family functions to ensure the care and feeling of children. Knowledge and learning in a society are acquired through education. The political institution is the means of maintaining order and protecting the society from enemies. Finally, mans place in the universe is interpreted by religion (see Pasternak, Burton. Introduction to Kinship and Social Organization (Prentice-Hall, 2002). Conclusion Members within a society are organized informally or formally into different kinds of groups and subgroups, some of which correspond to the various social institutions. An informal grouping is one that creates itself more or less spontaneously and whose structure is not deliberately planned but merely evolves. The family is one example of such a grouping. Other informal groupings can be related to such areas as ones occupation (a group of workers who have coffee together each morning), age (a group of children who frequently spend time together in unorganized play), or leisure-time interests (a hunting party). Formal groupings are those deliberately created for a purpose and given a formal structure. Armies, government organizations and religious bodies are such groupings. In more complex societies formal groupings include voluntary associations formed by the members for a variety of purposes, especially the use of leisure time or the pursuit of shared special interests. The rank of an individual in his society is determined by statusa persons power within a given institution or sector of society. For example, earning an advanced degree gains an individual higher status in the educational field, while being unemployed gives him negative status in the economic sector. A negative status such as unemployment is called stigma. A persons overall rank is determined by the societys evaluation of positive and negative statuses. Status inconsistency occurs when a person has high status in one area and low status in another. For example, a clergyman may have high job prestige but a low income Pasternak, Burton. Introduction to Kinship and Social Organization (Prentice-Hall, 2002). The various statuses may be either ascribed or achieved. An ascribed status derives from birth. For example, a hereditary ruler has high ascribed political status. Political status may also be achieved, by election or other means of elevation to high public office. References: Daley, N.K., and T.R. Shannon. The American Social Structure (Kendall-Hunt, 2001). Goodman, Norman, and Gary Marx. Society Today, 7th edition (Random House, 1999. Pasternak, Burton. Introduction to Kinship and Social Organization (Prentice-Hall, 2002).

Commodification vs. Commoditization

Commodification vs. Commoditization Commodification vs. Commoditization Commodification vs. Commoditization By Maeve Maddox When I first encountered the word commoditization, I thought it was just an ugly synonym for commodification. I’ve discovered that–in American business parlance– commoditization is not at all synonymous with commodification. The Oxford English Dictionary has separate entries for both nouns, but assigns commoditization the same definition as commodification: the action of turning something into, or treating something as, a (mere) commodity; commercialization of an activity, etc., that is not by nature commercial. American usage would agree with this as a definition of commodification, but commoditization receives a different definition in Merriam-Webster: commoditization: to render (a good or service) widely available and interchangeable with one provided by another company. In a business context, commoditization occurs when a manufacturer’s product or a provider’s service loses its initial uniqueness in the market. The Web abounds with articles about this phenomenon: Avoiding the Black Hole of Commoditization How Dow Corning Beat Commoditization By Embracing It How to Avoid The Commoditization Trap Software Commoditization vs. Customization 4 Ways Energy Utilities Companies can Beat Commoditization For the consumer, a commodity is merchandise, something to be purchased. For the businessman, a commodity is a product or service that a consumer feels is interchangeable with any other of the same type. Bottom line: Commodification is putting a price on things that shouldn’t have a price, things like friendship, knowledge, and beautiful women. Commoditization is what happens when a name brand is perceived as being no more desirable than the store brand. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Farther vs. FurtherThe Letter "Z" Will Be Removed from the English Alphabet20 Slang Terms for Law Enforcement Personnel

On The Genealogy of Morals Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

On The Genealogy of Morals - Assignment Example It was a defining aspect of ancient Egyptian culture. This was Nietzsche’s point. Morality is defined by culture, not true morality. Nietzsche’s examination of true morality was based on the question of morality as a basis, not morality of a culture. There are some basic morality rules that have remained unchanged throughout history. Murder, theft, and adultery have been outlawed from the beginning by most cultures. These are not defined by anyone culture, but by most. The cultural values are what set a culture apart from another. For example, Christianity has had set moral laws based on the Ten Commandments. Jewish culture has set moral laws not only by the Ten Commandments, but other laws outlined in the Torah or Christian Old Testament. The Chinese Culture has been influenced by Taoism, Buddhism, and other Eastern religions. Religion has set the morality in many cultures. Another point that Nietzsche made is today’s culture trying to atone for their culture’s past. An example would be America trying to make up for slavery. There is not way a culture can ‘make up’ for the past. The only solution is to try and search for true morality, and then live that way. Nietzsche warned that cultures trying to atone for the past have already ended their culture’s growth toward true

Characterizing Carbonated Soft Drink Industry in the US Case Study - 35

Characterizing Carbonated Soft Drink Industry in the US - Case Study Example According to the paper, the major soft drink companies include Coca-Cola and Pepsi. These companies are distributed all over the country each having branches and distributers in cities and towns. For instance, Coca-Cola North America and the Bottling Company of Southern California introduced Fanta and Manzana Lift. This came about because a research conducted showed that fruit-flavored drinks were the best choice for many Hispanics. Therefore, these two drinks are the ones that met the consumers’ preferences. Pepsi, a stiff competitor has Mountain Dew, which is the fourth best-selling soft drink in the U.S and best-flavored drink. To improve its marketing, they have commercials that only focus on the Hispanics among other diverse advertisements because ethnic markets are so profitable for these firms. This brand focuses mostly on teens and the 20-39 year population is its secondary market. Squirt soft drink originates from Great Depression of 1930 but Cadbury Schweppes was the main marketer for Squirt since 1993 until Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. took over since 1995. The drink came to market in 1938 and to heighten its market, the owners introduced an appeal called little squirt for advertisements, hence popularizing its recognition. After change of ownership in 1977, the drink rebranded its logo and due to new upcoming trends, squirt made the first low calorie drink in 1983. Squirt is bottled and distributed by 250 bottlers in America, a third are independent and some owned by Dr. Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. whereas two-thirds are part of Coca-Cola and Pepsi. This wide distribution makes it possible for supply of the product amounting to over 85% of Americans’ soft drink by volume. Squirt has a diverse range of products with diet and ruby red Squirts being the leading products having generated 20% of the total sales. Its products compete stiffly with those of Coca-Cola and Pepsi in the market.  

The Biography of L.L. Thurstone Essay Example for Free

The Biography of L.L. Thurstone Essay Throughout Thurstone’s childhood he and his family suffered through the difficulty of having their name mispronounced and misspelled and thus the ThunstrO? m family changed their family name to Thurstone. Thurstone’s educational career began in grade school in Berwyn Illinois, and it was at the age of eight that the Thurstone family migrated to Stockholm, Sweden where L. L. studied the swedish language in order to assimilate into this new environment presented to him. After many years in their native country, the Thurstone family decided to move back to the U. S. A, specifically Jamestown, New York in 1901. Moving from Stockholm, Sweden back to the U. S proved to be an issue, and Thurstone had to relearn the english language by having tutoring sessions with a school principal. As a young child he earned his first award as a geometry contest winner. He won thirty dollars, and used that to buy objects that pertained to his hobbies. As a sophomore in high school he would then come to publish an article in the scientific journal the Scientific American on the ?issue of water consumption and the energy being used by the power companies and tourists in the Niagara Falls area. Continuing his educational career, after graduating high school Thurstone went on to pursue a Bachelor of Science in civil engineering at Cornell, but then later changed his major to electrical engineering. While pursuing his degree, Thurstone developed the motion picture camera and the projector, which unlike the older projectors, moved at a continuos and uniform manner. After developing and patenting these projects he went to Thomas Edison in his New Jersey lab to show what he had accomplished. Edison took Thurstone’s machines and reviewed them. While Edison reviewed Thurstone’s work, Thurstone revisited his interest in the psychology behind what is machine design. Thurstone wanted to research how it was that the operator learned the visual-motor coordination necessary to use a particular machine, which in later years became known as human engineering. Thurstone wanted to understand learning as a function. In order to understand learning as a function Thurstone visited and partook in lectures by professor Madison Bentley and E. B. Tichnener. One of the professors that most inspired Thurstone was engineering professor Dexter Kimball. Kimball taught the idea of the psychological history of machines which greatly interested Thurstone It was later in his life when Thurstone would recollect on the teaching manner of Kimball and later use the same teaching techniques himself. After a long examination of the machines Thurstone had presented to Edison, Thurstone finally heard back from Edison; it was 1912 when Edison was offering him an assistantship at his New Jersey laboratory. It wasn’t until after Thurstone received his Masters in Engineering that he ?would come to accept this position. Edison was another person that influenced Thurstone, in the same way that Edison would experiment and review his projects a thousand or more times, as would Thurstone, which proved to be helpful later in his career. Following his assistantship with Edison, Thurstone became an instructor at the engineering college of the University of Minnesota, and his courses included geometry and drafting. While an instructor at the University of Minnesota, Thurstone enrolled in a graduate program course that focused on experimental psychology. This course was taught by Herbert Woodrow and J. B. Miner and interested Thurstone, because of his interest in learning as a function. He first approached this course through the educational lens, but than saw it best to see it through the psychological perspective, which interested him the most. After finding this new passion for psychology he then became the assistant in the new Division of Applied Psychology at the Carnegie Institute of Technology, where he was an assistant for two years. After completing his assistantship, Thurstone received his PhD. in psychology in 1917. To receive his PhD. e wrote his dissertation on the learning curve, one of his favorite topics. Three years after receiving his PhD. Thurstone started the journey of Thurstone’s leadership role in the psychology departments throughout his professional career. In 1920 he served as a chairman in the psychology department at Carnegie Institute of Technology. After serving as the chairman, a government supported institute for research contacted him to make manuals and other materials to stimulate the improvement of civil service examination, which began his journey in the world of human examination. After being granted support from the government he was granted access to the American Council on Education (ACE) who asked him to make an examination of their own. This examination was to guide college admission ?decisions. While constructing his exams he asked his college sweetheart, Thelma Gwinn to work alongside him. Like Thurstone, Thelma wished to pursue a PhD. in Psychology and thus they both moved to the University of Chicago around 1924, the same time Gwinn and Thurstone married. While Thurstone was associate professor of psychology, Gwinn birthed three sons and pursued her PhD in psychology. As associate professor Thurstone taught courses on statistics and mental test theory, his specialized subject. This mental test theory class consisted of the assumption of normality within age groups and estimated the mean and variance at each age, causing the mental test theory. While associate professor at University of Chicago, Thurstone published many articles in the Psychological Review and American Psychological Association (APA) from 1926 to 1928. While contributing articles to the many journals in the psychology community Thurstone also contributed by creating a basis of psychological measurement that was in contrast to Fechner, Muller, and Titchener. His measurement accommodates to to the intelligence, ability or achievements and attitudes or opinion; a psychology construct that lacks any direct physical correlation with what the other psychologist thought of. The method he used was the use of judges and a scale. After working at the University of Chicago for many years Thurstone was finally granted an office space in the building of social sciences which he converted into his psychometrics laboratory. After building this lab he started writing a series of psychometric lab reports, which consisted of precisely 81. While working at the University of Chicago at his psychometrics lab during WWI he authored vocational tests for classifying military personnel and from 1919 through 1923 he authored tests of intelligence, clergical skills, engineering aptitude and ingenuity. After Thurstone authored his examinations, he and Gwinn joined together and authored annual editions of ACE examinations for high school seniors and college freshmen and the success of his examinations came from his training in engineering which made him take into consideration the different variables never considered before. It was in this time that the Work Progress Administration contacted him and asked for an exam on their b ehalf, after having done many examination it came to the conclusion that Thurstone had authored 57 or so examinations. In result he constructed the Primary Mental Abilities (PMA) and around this time he gained access to the Chicago public when Gwinn became a psychology instructor at Chicago Teachers College in 1938, which provided access to a broader range in ages for his mental test examinations. This access brought about the beginning to many opportunities for Thurstone such as co-founding the Science Research Associates and agreeing to be chief examiner at the University of Chicago for a course that gave credit to students vi examination. In the passing years he became president of the Midwestern Psychological Association, President of the APA, President of the Psychometrics society, gained membership to the National Academy of Science along with 17 other psychologist, was a Fellow of American Academy of Arts and Sciences, President of APA’s Division on Evaluation and Measurement and Honorary Fellow of the British Psychological Society. During WWII Thurstone continued his work as an examiner and served as a member of the committee on classification on military personnel of the U. S. Adjutant General’s Office and authored psychological tests for the selection of military and classification of the soldiers. After working for the military for quite some time Thurstone received grants for research which led to employment tests, hedonic scales, and create and experimentally evaluate objective tests for a measurement of human temperament. From the years of 1948 to 1949 he became a visiting psychology professor at the University of Frankfort and around this time he built a seminar room in home and had visiting professors and speakers from inside and outside of the U. S. A couple years after establishing his seminar room the Thurstone-Gwinn family moved to North Carolina due to the fact that Thurstone had reached 65 and had to retire from the University of Chicago. At his home in North Carolina e still had seminars and re-established his psychometrics in the Nash Hall and continued his lab reports. It wasn’t until September 19th of 1955 when Thurstone Died. It surprised many since Thurstone had scheduled to be a visiting professor at the University of Stockholm a year before and had scheduled many seminars in between. To continue his great mental test examinations, Thelma Gwinn succeeded him as the director of the Psychometrics Lab. Thurstone had contributed many ideas and authored many examinations which still r emain prevalent to this day.

Winter in the Blood by James Welch Essay -- Native American Novels Win

Winter in the Blood by James Welch Winter in the Blood, a Native American novel written by James Welch, takes place on a cattle ranch in Montana, around 1970. On the surface, this is a story of a Blackfoot Indian sleepwalking through his life, tormented by visions, in search of a connection to his heritage. Welch's language is, at once, blunt and poetic, and the pictures it conjures are dreamlike and disquieting. Furthermore, the narrator of the novel is disheartened by the loss of his brother, Mose, and his father, First Raise ? the two most cherished people in his life. After struggling with guilt, sorrow, and alcoholism, the narrator overcomes these down falls through re-identifying with himself and his culture? specifically through the help of his grandfather, Yellow Calf.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the opening line of the novel, the narrator provides a vivid description of the his decaying surroundings:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  'In the tall weeds of the borrow pit, I took a leak and watched the sorrel mare, her   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  colt beside her, walk through burnt grass to the shady side of the long-and-mud   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  cabin . . . . The roof had fallen in and the mud between the logs had fallen out in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  chunks, leaving a bare gray skeleton, home only to mice and insects.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tumbleweeds, stark as bone, rocked in a hot wind against the west wall (1).'; Welch opens the story with this line to show a relationship between the narrator's feelings of worthlessness and the worthlessness of his environment. In addition, the author melodically begins the novel in a somber manner ? so the reader may immediately adjust to the tone encompassing the story.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The narrator continues with describing his resentment towards his home life, 'Coming home was not easy anymore. It was never a cinch, but it had become a torture (2).'; This excerpt provides the reader with an understanding of the sorrow that the protagonist feels at the beginning of the novel and throughout the first half. Further narration includes the protagonists feelings of distance from the land and blame that he places upon himself, 'But the distance I felt came not from country or people; it came from within me (2).'; Thus, as the reader, we understand that the narrator has removed himself from the land and his culture.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the narrator's journey to find his girlfriend, Welch clearly demonstrates the overabundant use of alco... ...Yellow Calf and to ask him if he was ever acquainted with his 'grandmother'; (another twist: not old woman) (152). And, yes, Yellow Calf did know his grandmother and was able to provide the narrator with the missing pieces, of his grandmother's stories, that he longed for: that Yellow Calf is his grandfather and that he was the only one that treated his grandmother with respect after Standing Bear's death. Once the narrator realized this they,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  'shared this secret in the presence of ghosts, in wind that called forth the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  muttering of tepees, the blowing snow, the white air of the horses' nostril . . .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  but there were others, so many others (159).'; It is then that the narrator completely absorbs the teachings from Yellow Calf, and allows his life to come full circle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the end, through the guidance of Yellow Calf, the protagonist discovers himself, learns to respect the natural order of the land, and overcomes the guilt and sorrow that has lived within him for many years. The physical journey may be complete, but the spiritual voyage will continue for a lifetime. Works Cited: Welch, James. Winter in the Blood ,New York : Penguin Books, 1974.

Coursework on ‘Othello’

A tragic event is a disastrous and dreadful event. A tragedy is usually when someone is killed. A hero is usually a man who is courageous and displays noble qualities; he is perceived by people to be very muscular and strong. So a tragic hero is a person who is an exceptional person, but has a fatal flaw. This is normally exposed and then twisted by the villain. To the audience he is amazing, and so when he is killed it is a tragedy for the audience as the world has lost such an outstanding person, the hero then can no longer contribute to society. In this play the tragic hero is Othello. He is a tragic hero as he as achieved a lot. He is an outsider, and also is not very young; in addition he is not white, but black. Even though he is all of this he still becomes a general and attracts a very beautiful seventeen year old girl. But he has a flaw; this is his jealousy. This flaw is twisted and exploited by the villain of the play, Iago. As the play goes on we see how jealousy corrupts the mind of Othello, resulting in his death. In this play there are many different themes shaped and formed. These are jealousy, men and women and race and colour. The main theme represented in this play, is jealousy. There are three main types of jealousy in this play they are professional, sexual and racial. Professional jealousy is portrayed by Iago in this play as he is jealous of Michael Cassio. This is because he was promoted to lieutenant by Othello and Iago was not. Iago calls Michael Cassio a ‘great arithmetician' he shows that he is jealous of Cassio as he is doing better than him even though he is also a outsider. He may have become Othello's lieutenant as he, like Othello, is an outsider. When Iago says ‘A fellow almost damned in a fair wife' he is showing that he is sexually jealous of Cassio as he is more sexually attractive than him and many women like him. This makes Iago feel more hate and jealousy for Cassio. When Iago is talking to Brabantio he says ‘An old black ram is tupping your white ewe' this is showing that Iago is racially jealous of Othello. Therefore this shows that Iago is jealous that Othello has married a beautiful and noble, young girl. All of these various types of jealousy felt by Iago in the play lead to terrible tragedies. The opening scene creates a build up of atmosphere with political and social aspects. The scene begins at night in Venice. Venice was infamous for political intrigue. There were many Machiavellian characters around. It was known to be an amoral place, where the people could not be trusted as they where cunning and sly. The scene is set at night where dark and underhand deeds are covered up, and not seen by the light of day. It begins with two characters, Roderigo and Iago, disputing. Roderigo is fervent to possess Desdemona, with the help of Iago. They talk about another character who has been appointed by the council, general of the Venetian army. We learn that he is a Moor and an outsider. Also we find out that one Michael Cassio is the lieutenant, a position which Iago craves. Othello in this scene is not referred to by name, and we soon learn that he is hated by Roderigo and Iago. All of this talk about Othello makes the audience anxious to find out about him and meet this quite exceptional person. This causes a mood and atmosphere of curiosity and dramatic tension. In the first scene of ‘Othello' Iago is introduced. This scene is very important as it lays the foundations for the tragedies which develop later in the play. As he is introduced he has a big impact on the audience. He is portrayed in the first scene to be a person who is in control of what he does, and someone who has control over others, and seems to be someone who is ambitious. Iago is brought into the first scene talking to Roderigo. Roderigo begins the dialogue with Iago. In his few opening lines he says ‘Iago, who hast had my purse as if the strings were thine, shouldst know of this. This shows that Roderigo does not trust Iago about him being able to procure Desdemona, from Othello for him. Also this shows the audience that Iago's services can be bought with money, revealing that he is mercenary. Furthermore the name Iago sounds Spanish, so to the Stuart audience this would show instantly that he was a malevolent character, as at this time to England the Spanish people were enemies. Following Roderigo's few words, Iago replies with a blasphemous ‘sblood' meaning God's blood. This shows his derision for Christ and for Christian values. This single word would have shocked and surprised the Stuart audience, who were religious. Iago asserts his hate towards the ‘Moor' Othello. He says in great detail about Othello ‘off-capped to him; I am worth no worse a place. But he, as loving his own pride and purposes, evades them with a bombast circumstance, horribly stuffed with epithets of war. ‘ Here he is telling Roderigo how he despises Othello for not letting him become a lieutenant, instead passing him over for ‘one Michael Cassio, a Florentine. Iago then calls Cassio ‘a great arithmetician' this is Iago being sarcastic; he is implying that Michael Cassio has no experience or idea of war. Iago speaks on talking about Michael Cassio by insulting where he is from, saying that he is a ‘Florentine'. He is saying that Cassio the Florentine knows nothing of war. This displays Iago of being racially prejudiced to foreigners and outsiders. This is the same for Othello; there may be a reason to why Cassio was chosen over Iago as Cassio and Othello are both outsiders. Iago comments on Cassio, of being ‘a fellow almost damned in a fair wife. This reveals that he may be sexually jealous of Cassio, as many women are attracted to him. Iago continues on, to again insult Cassio even more saying ‘that never set a squadron in the field, nor the division of a battle knows more than a spinster, unless the bookish theoric. ‘ This shows that he may be upset about being passed over for promotion, and his abhorrence for Cassio. I believe from what I have seen from what Iago says about Cassio, he may feel intellectually inferior to Cassio as he says ‘as masterly as he is' screening that Iago may feel he has been challenged by someone better and more academic than him. This is the audience's first sign of professional jealousy. Iago then finally ends this speech with a sardonic phrase of ‘his moorship' this is a derogatory connotation, which is a play on the phrase ‘his worship. ‘ Iago proves to Roderigo just how much he hates Othello, by insulting him and by slandering Cassio. With all of this hatred Iago has he causes the demotion of Cassio, the murder of Desdemona, the suicide of Othello and the downfall of himself. Our visions of Othello are all shaped by what Iago says in his dialogue with Roderigo. The audience may become doubtful of what Iago says as his views are amoral. There are important lines from this long speech revealing Iago's real character. But the main theme of this speech is how he hates Othello, and his lack of true loyalty and integrity. Moreover he tells Roderigo his plan and how it will affect him; Roderigo follows Iago foolishly not seeing that he is being used because of his desire to possess Desdemona. This speech also shows how Iago is able to ingeniously manipulate people. He begins to say ‘I follow him to serve my turn upon him' this is basically showing how is only serving Othello to help himself and using it for his advantage. This shows that Iago is ambitious as he knows what he wants, and does anything to get it. Also he is disloyal and self-serving as he is just getting what he wants out of his actions, and is betraying his so called friend Othello. In addition he is cunning and sly getting exactly what he wants, by deceiving people. He says an important line which is ‘heaven is my judge, not I for love and duty' this shows that Iago is not interested in love and does not really care about it. He has no concept of love. This leads to the later point of his attitude towards women in general. He also says the blasphemous phrase of ‘I am not what I am' this shows that he is going against God's words of ‘I am what I am. ‘ This shows that he once again is disrespectful of Christian values and of Christ. But this line could also be showing that Iago may have a layer to his character, which is unseen by other people. We can see that what Roderigo says is an echo of how Iago speaks, especially about Othello. We witness Roderigo say a racist comment about Othello, ‘the thick-lips owe. ‘ This is a phrase which is mirrored from the way Iago addresses Othello. Iago is manipulating people to become like him, evil. Iago feels he needs to instigate his plan and tells Roderigo to ‘rouse Brabantio, make after him, poison his delight, proclaim him in the streets. ‘ This shows that Iago delights in causing trouble and enjoys stage managing chaos. Roderigo is polite and kind in talking to the senator, getting them nowhere so it is Iago's crude and disgusting descriptions of ‘an old black ram, is tupping your white ewe' which make Brabantio irate. The animal imagery here is representing the sexual connection between Desdemona the noble women with the ‘Moor' general Othello. This sexual reference is then linked with the suggestion of Cassio being ‘a fellow almost damned in a fair wife,' and with his job to help match up Roderigo and Desdemona. This shows that Iago thinks of women to be objects, and disregards love. He is unable to understand love, or the relationships between men and women. We can see from this scene that Iago is able to control and manipulate people to his own advantage. From this scene altogether we see that Iago is a cynical malcontent. He is malicious in his acts and crude with his language, he is able to manipulate people for his own needs, and exaggerates situations to his own advantage. We see how he despises men who wear their hearts on their sleeves, and who don't look out for their own interests. He likes people, who are self-serving, and people who do evil deeds for money, people who are untrustworthy and who pretend to be honest. His speeches in these scenes are energetic and shocking to many audiences, they are full of egotistical disgust. Furthermore Iago has an underhand way of being absent when actions which he has instigated come to head. Iago is a compelling and sophisticated villain. In this play there are two main scenes where Iago puts his Machiavellian plans in to operation. Iago's plans are malicious; he puts his plans into action in act 2 scene 3, and in act 3 scene 3. In act 2 scene 3 all of Iago's tactics and ideas become reality. Upon arrival in Cyprus Iago persuades Cassio to have a drink by saying ‘come, lieutenant, I have a stoup of wine. ‘ Cassio keeps on refusing Iago's offers, as he has ‘very poor and unhappy brains for drinking. ‘ But Cassio is not able to resist it, and takes some wine, causing him to become ‘full of quarrel and offence. ‘ Iago perceives this as his chance to instigate his plan. Continuing to manipulate Roderigo effortlessly, he makes him start off a quarrel and a brawl with Cassio. Cassio gets wound up by Roderigo, as Roderigo gives witty remarks like ‘beat me? ‘ These comments from Roderigo and the fact that he is drunk cause Cassio to get aggravated, and therefore fight. Othello gets alerted by the brawl, and finds Montano and Cassio fighting. Montano is hurt, ‘zounds I bleed still. ‘ Othello asks ‘honest Iago' to find out what happened. This is dramatic irony as Othello thinks that Iago is an honest person, whereas the audience knows that he is not, that he is crude and evil. This puts the audience in the position of knowing more than the characters, increasing tension. Othello dismisses Cassio from his position, and he is demoted, just as Iago wanted. As Cassio is dismissed, Iago gets the chance to take his place, and get access to Othello so he can poison and corrupt his mind with his words. Iago speaks and acts in this scene as if he always has someone else's interests at heart. He enjoys presenting himself in the best possible light. In this scene as Othello is being informed on the brawl by Iago, Iago acts as if he wants to help Cassio, he says to Othello ‘I had rather have this tongue cut from my mouth than it should do offence to Michael Cassio. This is all part of Iago's plan to make himself look trustworthy and loyal, towards Othello. He here seems to be reluctant to accuse Cassio. This is not only to make Iago look loyal, but also to make Othello see how disgracefully his lieutenant has acted. Othello likes to here the direct truth, even though he appreciates the false ‘protection' of Cassio, given by Iago. We see Iago's ingenious and spiteful ideas when he decides to use Desdemona, who is innocent, and who he has no quarrel with, to ‘enmesh them all. ‘ We see how pleased he is in his speech, that he has the intelligence and power to turn Desdemona's ‘virtue into pitch. As before we see how Iago dislikes honesty and innocence. Even Iago's wife Emilia, is fooled in thinking that Iago wants to help Michael Cassio. Iago's only loyalty is to himself. Iago's imagery is crude, he will convince Othello that all the meetings that Iago and Desdemona are having, is an affair. He is planting the seeds of jealousy into Othello's mind. He tries to convince him that his wife wants Cassio, and that she will ‘undo her credit with the Moor. Ã¢â‚¬Ë œ In this scene Iago disrupts Othello's wedding night, and Iago turns Othello against the people he trusted and loved. Act 3 scene 3 is the pivotal scene where Iago puts his Machiavellian plans into operation. Iago wants Othello to perceive that Cassio is having an affair with Cassio. Iago in this scene once again is pretending to be friends with Cassio. Iago knows exactly how Othello operates, and so he knows how to get inside his head. Iago tries to avoid answering Othello's questions directly. He does this as he knows this builds up suspicion in Othello's mind. He also often imitates Othello's questions as he Othello says ‘is he honest. ‘ Subsequently Iago avoids the question and says ‘honest my lord! This is another technique that Iago uses to raise suspicion from ‘Othello. Iago when talking to Othello about Desdemona repeatedly reminds him how she had deceitfully behaved, and the painful reminder that he is an outsider. Iago tells Othello that she could have made other ‘natural' choices. Iago keeps angering Othello by manipulating and poisoning his mind. Iago tells Othello ‘look to your wife; observe her well with Cassio; where your eyes thus, not jealous nor secure. ‘ He essentially tells Othello to see his wife neutrally, and not to get angry when looking upon her with Cassio. Another way that Iago tries to persuade Othello is by saying ‘she did deceive her father, and when she seem'd to shake and fear your looks. ‘ Iago here tries to show Othello that she is not loyal and noble, as she already deceived her father by marrying him, because of what she wanted. So Iago is questioning Othello, on what is stopping her from doing it again. Iago pretends to care about Othello as he says ‘trust me I fear it has. I hope you will consider what is spoke comes from my love. ‘ He is telling Othello that he has his best interests at heart. After Iago knows that the poison he gave to Othello through words has held, and once Othello has become vengeful, he knows he must take the role of being a noble and loyal friend. There is irony here as Othello is seeking to kill Cassio; he is carrying out Iago's revenge for him. WE find out from this scene that Othello is weak and insecure, as the emotion of love that he has for Desdemona loses against Iago's crude language. Othello left alone he wonders ‘Why did I marry? ‘ This shows that he already knows that his wife is false. He begins to speak of ‘the curse of marriage. ‘ Although he resists Iago's version of Desdemona, it is the fake story of Cassio having a dream about her which breaks him. He returns angry much more angry with his words, but still does not know what to believe ‘I think my wife be honest, and think she is not. ‘ But we see from the crude images conjuring in his mind, and the violence of his speech that Iago is winning. He speaks violently of ‘poison, or fire, or suffocating streams. ‘ He curses ‘death and damnation' and says ferociously ‘I'll tear her all to pieces. We see here that Iago has fully corrupted his mind, and Othello like Roderigo is beginning to talk with crude and malicious language, just like Iago. Iago's plans in act 3 scene 3 are successful, as he is able to demote Cassio from his position. Iago is able to successfully play a number of roles, and is able to adapt his tone and style to suit any occasion. In this scene Iago acts apparently loyal, and as if he has everybody else's interests at heart. He presents himself as a noble friend to Cassio, and in the best possible light. From discrediting Cassio, Iago is able to get close to Othello. This then means that he is able to corrupt and poison Othello's mind, with his crude words. The demotion weakens Othello's position, and gives Iago a great advantage to put his wicked plan into operation. As Iago gains access to Othello's mind from Cassio, he is able to use his skills in manipulation, to make Othello see things that are not actually happening. He makes Othello perceive that Cassio is having an affair with Desdemona, and that she is being unfaithful towards him. Also he makes Othello demote Cassio because of a brawl, which Roderigo initiated. These events, which are stage managed by Iago all lead to the tragic denouement, Othello and Desdemona's deaths. The way he acts in this scene is similar to the way he acts in act 1 scene, as he pretends to have Roderigo's interests at heart in act 1 scene 1, and in act 2 scene 3 he acts as if he has Cassio's interests at heart. In both scenes he appears to be loyal to his friends, when he is actually fooling everyone and is only loyal to himself. Also in both of these scenes he is always manipulating people, just to see the downfall of Othello. Part of Iago's success in act 2 scene 3 lies in the fact that he tells all of his victims exactly what they want to hear, or he uses arguments which would make his victims think like him, in a crude malicious manner. Act 3 scene 3 is the pivotal point in the play because Othello is convinced of his wife's corruption; Othello makes a sacred oath never to change his mind about her or to soften his feelings towards her until he acts out a violent revenge. At this point, Othello is fixed in his course, and the disastrous ending of the play is unavoidable. Othello swears to Iago that he will kill Desdemona and Cassio. Just as the play replaces the security of peace with the anxiety of domestic strife, Othello replaces the security of his marriage with the hateful paranoia of an alliance with Iago. Iago is the one who causes Othello's downfall, as he sows the seeds of suspicion in his mind. Iago's methods in this scene are more subtle. He pretends to be reluctant to speak. Desdemona keeps irritating Othello, by asking when he will reinstate Cassio. This angers Othello as; he is already suspicious of Cassio having an affair with Desdemona. Iago persistently acts as if he is protecting Cassio. Othello becomes more and more suspicious from what Iago tells him, and Iago uses ‘key' words which get to Othello, for example ‘think' and ‘honest. ‘ We can see how Iago falsely protects Cassio as he says, ‘I think Cassio's an honest man. ‘ Iago is protecting Cassio and not telling Othello the direct truth. This causes Othello to feel more suspicious of Cassio. Iago tells Othello about how Cassio and Desdemona have secretly been meeting, and so when Othello perceives it himself he becomes infuriated. Othello gives the secret of his downfall to Iago. This is Othello's flaw. Othello says ‘when I love thee not, chaos is come again. ‘ The significance is that if Othello stops loving Desdemona he will disintegrate, and crumble to pieces. Iago now has something to act on, and can exploit this feeling, to ‘poison' and destroy Othello. Iago's final words in this scene chillingly mock the language of love and marriage: ‘I am your own forever. ‘ Iago is a malicious, malevolent and crude person. He is able to manipulate, and twist people's feelings to his own advantage. He is brilliant at stage managing events, and is capable of hoodwinking others to believe he is honest. When Iago speaks in his soliloquies he is boastful and dismissive. Iago is a very untrustworthy character, as we have seen from how he has fooled everyone to trust him. Iago is a complex character, only himself and the audience knows what he is really like. In this play we see how Iago is able to put his skills of manipulation into act. Many believe he may have a homosexual side and tries to replace Desdemona, but this is only some views as his relationship with Othello is very complicated. Iago is highly intellectual socially. In this play he is the bringer off death and pain upon many characters, he is like the grim reaper. Iago is partly responsible for bringing death to Othello, but it is not all his fault. It is true that he used his skills to manipulate people, and his ability to ‘poison' and corrupt people's minds to bring Othello's downfall, but it is also the faults of the people he manipulated, for being weak minded. Roderigo, who was firstly manipulated, followed Iago as his drive and passion to possess Desdemona got in the way. Cassio's flaw was that he only became manipulated as he believed Iago was his true friend, and that he was there to help him, he was also too trusting. Desdemona also had a fatal flaw, which was that she could be deceitful; also she loved and trusted Othello to a great extent. Finally Iago's greatest achievement was convincing and manipulating Othello. Othello has the most significant fatal flaw; he had a high amount of jealousy. Iago was able to exploit all of these weaknesses. But the biggest was Othello's which all lead to the catastrophic deaths of Othello and his Desdemona.

The Goal Of Qualitative Research Essay - 1434 Words

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